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Turkey | Historyworld

HISTORY OF TURKEY

including headings Ancient Anatolia, Byzantines and Turks, Sultanate of Rum, Ottoman Turks, Turks in the Balkans, ...

The turkey | HISTORY OF THE DOMESTICATION OF ANIMALS

The turkey is indigenous to central and north America. It is kept as a domestic fowl by the Aztecs in Mexico from the 14th century, and no doubt has been domesticated considerably earlier by their predecessors.

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In both Turkey and Persia a | HISTORY OF IRAN (PERSIA)

Pampered heirs

In both Turkey and Persia a major change is made in royal protocol during the first half of the 17th century. The development is the same in each place, and it has a profound effect on future sultans and shahs.

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In both Turkey and Persia a | HISTORY OF TURKEY

Pampered heirs

In both Turkey and Persia a major change is made in royal protocol during the first half of the 17th century. The development is the same in each place, and it has a profound effect on future sultans and shahs.

...

Halicarnassus in southwest Turkey (the modern | THE SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD

Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

Halicarnassus in southwest Turkey (the modern Bodrum) is selected as a new capital in the 4th century BC by the ruler of a small kingdom, Caria. The king is Mausolus, who dies in about 353 BC. His spectacular tomb, built...

The Russian front with Turkey is | HISTORY OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR

Beleaguered Russia

The Russian front with Turkey is less disastrous. West of the Black Sea their territories are separated by Romania and Bulgaria, both still neutral, so there is only one region where the confrontation can take place. Thi...

By early 1799 Russia, Turkey, Naples | THE FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY WARS

The Second Coalition

By early 1799 Russia, Turkey, Naples and Austria have joined Britain in a Second Coalition against France. The initial results are dramatic. During that year the French lose all the Italian territory won by Napoleon in 1...

The great islands lying off Turkey | HISTORY OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE

Ottoman expansion

The great islands lying off Turkey are also brought into the Ottoman fold. Rhodes is taken early, in 1523, but the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1570 prompts a vigorous Christian response. A joint Spanish and Venetian fl...

The great islands lying off Turkey | HISTORY OF THE BALKANS

Ottoman expansion

The great islands lying off Turkey are also brought into the Ottoman fold. Rhodes is taken early, in 1523, but the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1570 prompts a vigorous Christian response. A joint Spanish and Venetian fl...

The great islands lying off Turkey | HISTORY OF THE MEDITERRANEAN

A sea of two religions

The great islands lying off Turkey are also brought into the Ottoman fold. Rhodes is taken early, in 1523, but the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1570 prompts a vigorous Christian response. A joint Spanish and Venetian fl...

These achievements are possible partly because | HISTORY OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE

Serbian independence

These achievements are possible partly because Turkey is distracted, from 1809, by yet another war with Russia. But peace is made in 1812, leaving Turkey free to focus attention on her own backyard. Three separate armies...

These achievements are possible partly because | HISTORY OF THE BALKANS

Serbian independence

These achievements are possible partly because Turkey is distracted, from 1809, by yet another war with Russia. But peace is made in 1812, leaving Turkey free to focus attention on her own backyard. Three separate armies...

Two of the four, Austria and | HISTORY OF EUROPE

Eastern turmoil

Two of the four, Austria and Turkey, are ancient powers now slightly past their prime. The other two, Prussia and Russia, have grown greatly in strength during the 18th century. The quartet is made up of two profoundly h...

In April 1877 Russia declares war | HISTORY OF BULGARIA

To the brink at San Stefano

In April 1877 Russia declares war on Turkey, with Romania coming in on Russia's side. At first the Turks are able to resist the Russian advance through Bulgaria, holding them in an engagement at Pleven in July. But by De...

In April 1877 Russia declares war | HISTORY OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE

To the brink at San Stefano

In April 1877 Russia declares war on Turkey, with Romania coming in on Russia's side. At first the Turks are able to resist the Russian advance through Bulgaria, holding them in an engagement at Pleven in July. But by De...

In April 1877 Russia declares war | HISTORY OF THE BALKANS

To the brink at San Stefano

In April 1877 Russia declares war on Turkey, with Romania coming in on Russia's side. At first the Turks are able to resist the Russian advance through Bulgaria, holding them in an engagement at Pleven in July. But by De...

Builders in Greek cities on the | HISTORY OF TECHNOLOGY

Cement

Builders in Greek cities on the coast of Turkey (and in particular Pergamum) evolve cement in about 200 BC as a structural material, in place of weaker mortars such as gypsum plaster (used in Egypt) or bitumen (in Mesopo...

Builders in Greek cities on the | INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES

Cement

Builders in Greek cities on the coast of Turkey (and in particular Pergamum) evolve cement in about 200 BC as a structural material, in place of weaker mortars such as gypsum plaster (used in Egypt) or bitumen (in Mesopo...

Builders in Greek cities on the | HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

Cement

Builders in Greek cities on the coast of Turkey (and in particular Pergamum) evolve cement in about 200 BC as a structural material, in place of weaker mortars such as gypsum plaster (used in Egypt) or bitumen (in Mesopo...

If this could be achieved, there | HISTORY OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR

Gallipoli

If this could be achieved, there would be numerous advantages. Turkey would be crippled. An easy supply route from the west to Russia would be opened up. An attack could be launched up the Danube against Austria-Hungary....

Paul`s missionary journeys take him to | SAINT PAUL

The first missionary

Paul's missionary journeys take him to Cyprus, through much of Turkey and to all the Greek communities round the Aegean Sea. His first visit in each new place is to the synagogue, for Christianity is still essentially a...

The fourth and fifth wonders of | THE SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD

Temple of Diana at Ephesus

The fourth and fifth wonders of the world are in western Turkey. The temple of Artemis (or Diana) at Ephesus is built in about 550 BC by a man whose name has become a byword for wealth - Croesus, king of Lydia. In keepin...

The Armenian people live in a | HISTORY OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR

Beleaguered Russia

The Armenian people live in a region divided between Russia and Turkey. With a proud history of independence (achieved intermittently as far back as the 6th century BC), the Armenians have no wish to be in either empire....