istoryworld
Events relating to greece
The Greek mathematician Eratosthenes calculates the circumference of the world with the help of shadows and camels
Hannibal crosses the Alps with his elephants, beginning the Second Punic War
Hannibal destroys a Roman army at Cannae, in the most severe defeat ever suffered by Rome
Hannibal suffers his first decisive defeat by a Roman army, at an unidentified site in north Africa called Zama
Carthaginian Spain is handed over to Rome to become two new provinces, at the end of the Second Punic War
The Romans, after defeating Macedon, announce at the Isthmian Games that all Greek states are now free under Roman protection
Sparta's ancient political system comes to an end, but the ordeal by flogging lingers on as a tourist attraction in the temple of Artemis
Plautus and Terence, in the second and third century BC, create a Roman drama based on Greek originals
Rome picks a quarrel with Carthage to begin the Third Punic War
Carthage is destroyed by the Romans at the end of the Third Punic War
The Greek astronomer Hipparchus is credited with the invention of the astrolabe, measuring the angle of sun or star above the horizon
A secret ballot is instituted for Roman citizens, who mark their vote on a tablet and place it in an urn
The Greek astronomer Hipparchus, mapping the stars, observes but cannot explain the precession of the equinoxes
Hipparchus proposes a grid of 360° of latitude and longitude for mapmaking
Hipparchus completes the first scientific star catalogue, mapping some 850 stars
A Venus is carved in marble, and centuries later becomes an ideal of female beauty after being found on the island of Milo
Sulla, campaigning to the east, besieges Athens and then allows his army to loot the city
Cicero, whose speeches become models of oratory, makes his first appearance in a Roman court
To improve his skills as an orator, Julius Caesar travels to Rhodes to study with Cicero's teacher, Apollonius Molon
Julius Caesar, captured by pirates on his way to Rhodes, warns them that he will crucify them - and later keeps his word
A rebellion by Spartacus and other slaves from a gladiators' training camp at Capua lasts for two years before it is suppressed
Julius Caesar persuades Pompey and Crassus to join him in a political alliance to their mutual advantage, known now as the first triumvirate
At the end of his year as consul, Caesar travels north to become governor of northern Italy and southern France
Julius Caesar begins the long slow process of pushing Roman occupation steadily northwards in France (or Gaul)
Julius Caesar makes the first of his two invasions of Celtic Britain
