istoryworld
Events relating to europe
Celtic tribes , pushing south through the Alps, reach Rome and sack the city
Plato establishes a school in Akademeia, a suburb of Athens
Central to Plato's philosophy is the theory that there are higher Forms of reality, of which our senses perceive only a transient shadow
A Greek text, attributed to Polybus, argues that the human body is composed of four humours
A Spartan army is overwhelmed at Leuctra by a smaller number of Thebans under Epaminondas
Aristotle, at the age of seventeen, comes to Athens to join Plato's academy
Philip II sets about making Macedon the most powerful state in Greece
Alexander the Great is born in Pella, the capital of his father Philip II, at the heart of the expanding Macedonian kingdom
Eudoxus of Cnidus proposes the concept of transparent spheres supporting the bodies visible in the heavens
Private financiers in Athens give loans, take deposits, change money from one currency to another and arrange credit for travellers
The earliest description of a pulley appears in a Greek text
The citizens of Olynthus abandon their houses, with elaborate mosaic floors, when their city is attacked by Philip of Macedon
Aristotle is employed in Macedon as tutor to the 13-year-old heir to the throne, Alexander
The theatre at Epidaurus is the earliest and best surviving example of a classical Greek stage and auditorium
Alexander the Great, at the age of sixteen, conducts his first successful military campaign – against the Thracians
The Macedonians develop the catapult as a siege engine for the armies of Philip II and Alexander the Great
Philip of Macedon defeats Athens and Thebes at Chaeronaea, giving him control of Greece
Philip of Macedon persuades most of the Greek city-states, brought together in Corinth, to agree to a military alliance with himself as leader
Before departing for the east, Alexander destroys Thebes and enslaves the Thebans for rebelling against the League of Corinth
Aristotle tackles wide-ranging subjects on a systematic basis, leaving to his successors an encyclopedia of contemporary thought
The first Roman road, the Via Appia, links Rome with Capua
Pytheas, a Greek explorer, sails up the west coast of Britain and finds beyond it a more northerly land which he calls Thule
The Celts move across the Channel into Britain, soon becoming the dominant ethnic group in the island
The Greek author Theophrastus writes On the History of Plants, the earliest surviving work on botany
The flexibility of the Roman legion transforms the Greek phalanx into an even more effective fighting machine
