Events relating to athens
The Treaty of Fort Wayne is the climax of seven years in which William Henry Harrison has acquired millions of acres from the American Indians
Napoleon annexes the Papal States and is excommunicated by the pope, Pius VII
Napoleon, in response to his excommunication, has pope Pius VII arrested and kept in captivity in northern Italy and then France
Napoleon enters Vienna and defeats the Austrians in a battle at nearby Wagram
Rival British politicians Lord Castlereagh and George Canning fight a duel in which Canning is wounded
After a public meeting in Buenos Aires, Argentinians set up an autonomous local government in opposition to Spanish forces
Work begins at Cumberland in Maryland on the construction of America's National Road

William Hedley's Puffing Billy, the first steam locomotive running on smooth rails, goes to work at Wylam colliery
The Jesuit Order is restored by Pius VII on his return to Rome
American volunteers under Andrew Jackson defeat British regulars near New Orleans, two weeks after peace has been agreed at Ghent
Scottish engineer John McAdam builds the first macadamized road, in the Bristol region of southwest England
The rulers of Russia, Prussia and Austria form a Holy Alliance to preserve their concept of a Christian Europe
Louis Philippe, Duc D'Orléans rents during his exile the house in Twickenham that becomes known as Orleans House.
An informal financial market on Wall Street is transformed into the New York Stock and Exchange Board
Andrew Jackson, attacking settlements in Spanish Florida, launches the first of three wars against the Seminole Indians
Mary Anne Evans (known now as George Eliot) is born in the parish of Chilvers Coton in Warwickshire
The Eastern Question, concerning Turkey's ability to control its vast empire, becomes a persistent nineteenth-century theme
French physicist Augustin Jean Fresnel publishes the theory that light is a transverse wave, thus explaining polarization effects
The spoken language of the Cherokee Indians is captured in written form – an achievement traditionally attributed to Sequoyah

Walter Scott begins to transform Abbotsford into a romantic house that he refers to as his 'conundrum castle'
Daniel O'Connell organizes Catholic Associations throughout Ireland, funded by the members' penny subscriptions
The Republican party in the USA splits into National Republicans and Democratic Republicans

Plans are made for a horse-drawn railroad into the East India Docks, but it is not built
Active (later called Locomotion) is the engine on the first passenger railway, between Stockton and Darlington
Work begins on the 363-mile Erie Canal that will link the Hudson River to Lake Erie