Events relating to europe

The three-field system, introduced by the Franks, increases agricultural yield by 33%.

The Bulgarian king Boris I is baptized in the Greek Orthodox faith, bringing his people within the Byzantine fold

A great army of Danes captures York - the first step in the establishment of Danelaw in eastern England

The young Alfred leads the English in their first significant victory over the Danes, at Ashdown

Oleg, leader of the Rus, seizes the town of Kiev and makes his headquarters there

The Magyars, under the leadership of Arpad, establish themselves in Hungary

With the end of inconoclasm, the screen between the nave and the altar sanctuary becomes covered in icons in Orthodox churches

Monastic reform, begun at Cluny, is so successful that more than 1000 Benedictine houses eventually follow the Cluniac example

The Vikings settle in France, as Normans, when Rollo the Ganger is granted feudal rights over the region round Rouen

An althing of chieftains establishes the commonwealth of Iceland, which will survive for more than three centuries

Leon forms a loose alliance with its southern neighbour, Castile, to become the most powerful unit in northern Spain

Medieval Europe's first institute of higher education is established, with the founding of the medical school at Salerno

So many Slavs are captured and sold, in the movement eastwards of the Germans, that their name becomes the European word for a slave

The material of the Eddas, taking shape in Iceland, derives from earlier sources in Norway, Britain and Burgundy

The Byzantine empire enjoys a revival, bringing the Slavs within the Greek Orthodox fold and winning victories against the Muslims

The imperial coronation of Otto I by Pope John XII in St Peter's puts in place the formal role of a Holy Roman emperor

The Poles are first recorded as a tribal group when a German knight comes into contact with them in the region round Gniezno

Mieszko, pagan chieftain of the Poles, marries a Christian Czech princess and brings all his people into the Roman Catholic fold

The Hungarian king Gezá and his family are baptized as Roman Catholics, beginning a long link between Hungary and Rome

Brian Boru becomes king of Munster and leader of the Irish campaign against the Vikings

Hugh Capet, a Frankish noble elected king of west Francia, establishes the royal dynasty of France.

Hugh Capet is the first in an unbroken line of twelve generations on the throne of France

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