istoryworld
Events relating to europe
Julius Caesar's father dies, and in his teens he becomes head of the family
Julius Caesar marries Cornelia Cinna, whose family, like Caesar's own, are in the faction opposed to Sulla
Sulla takes Rome for the second time, after a battle at the Colline Gate, and then publishes his lethal 'proscriptions'
Sulla launches a massacre of his opponents and Julius Caesar is lucky to escape with his life, but his inheritance is confiscated
To escape from Italy Caesar joins the army, and serves in Asia with distinction (winning the Civic Crown for courage in action)
Cicero, whose speeches become models of oratory, makes his first appearance in a Roman court
Sulla dies and Caesar returns to Rome, taking up a legal career as an advocate
To improve his skills as an orator, Julius Caesar travels to Rhodes to study with Cicero's teacher, Apollonius Molon
Julius Caesar, captured by pirates on his way to Rhodes, warns them that he will crucify them - and later keeps his word
A rebellion by Spartacus and other slaves from a gladiators' training camp at Capua lasts for two years before it is suppressed
Julius Caesar's wife, Cornelia Cinna, dies
Julius Caesar marries Pompeia, a granddaughter of Sulla and a distant relative of Pompey
Caesar is elected Pontifex Maximus, the chief priest of the Roman state religion
An unproven rumour about Pompeia causes Caesar to divorce her on the grounds that 'Caesar's wife must be above suspicion'
Caesar's numerous creditors prevent him leaving Rome until the immensely wealthy Marcus Licinius Crassus stands bail for some of his debts
Caesar sets off to take up a post as governor of southern Spain, where a series of profitable raids improve his finances
Back in Rome, Caesar stands in the election to become one of the two consuls for the year 59, and wins
Julius Caesar persuades Pompey and Crassus to join him in a political alliance to their mutual advantage, known now as the first triumvirate
The alliance between Pompey and Caesar is sealed when Pompey marries Caesar's only daughter, Julia
Caesar and Pompey use violence and intimidation to force through the senate a bill giving public land to retired soldiers (with Pompey's men at the head of the queue)
At the end of his year as consul, Caesar travels north to become governor of northern Italy and southern France
Julius Caesar begins the long slow process of pushing Roman occupation steadily northwards in France (or Gaul)
Julius Caesar makes the first of his two invasions of Celtic Britain
Julius Caesar returns to Britain for a second visit, this time reaching north of the Thames into the kingdom of Cassivellaunus
The death of Crassus at Carrhae brings to an end the first triumvirate
