All Events

Elizabeth Tollemache, now a widow and owner of Ham House, marries the Earl (later Duke) of Lauderdale, member of the Cabal that ruled England under Charles II

Giovanni Domenico Cassini, working in the Paris royal observatory, calculates the distance from the earth to the sun and is only 7% out

Isaac Newton's experiments with the prism demonstrate the link between wavelength and colour in light

The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb begins building the great Badshahi Mosque in Lahore

The Dutch scientist Anton van Leeuwenhoek builds a microscope powerful enough for him to observe and describe the red corpuscles in blood

Samuel Sewall begins a diary of daily life in Boston, Massachusetts, that will span a period of more than fifty years

Christiaan Huygens, inventor of the pendulum clock, now develops the hairspring - of great future importance in watches

The house of West Hall is built for let, probably by Thomas Juxon, lord of the manor, to be followed by the house of Brick Farm

A sudden uprising by the Wampanoag Indians against the new England settlements begins the conflict known as King Philip's War

Ole Roemer, a Danish astronomer working with Cassini in Paris, calculates the speed of light with an error of only 25%

John Bunyan is imprisoned again, for about six months, in a new wave of persecution of Nonconformists

With his powerful new microscope Leeuwenhoek observes spermatozoa in the semen of a dog

Baruch Spinoza's Ethics, dealing with God, the mind and the emotions, is published shortly after his death

The Popish Plot, an invented Jesuit conspiracy to kill Charles II, results in the execution of about thirty-five Roman Catholics

Part I of The Pilgrim's Progress, written during John Bunyan's two spells in Bedford Gaol, is published and is immediately popular

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